Policies of the origin of suspects in France (2006-2014): Genetic witnesses and problematization

Abstract

Recently, genetics knowledge has given rise to new DNA-based tests aimed at inferring suspects’ geographic origin. This article analyzes how recent practices in this field have been “problematised” in France, between 2006 and 2014, in Michel Foucault’s sense of the term. First, the launch of these genetic tests is examined, looking at the work accomplished by actors who helped create the preconditions for this problematisation but at the same time tried to deconstruct it. The paper goes on to focus on how this problematisation is expressed, questioning the arguments used particularly by its opponents who called upon political and ethical concerns regarding data use. Finally, current state regulations on the matter are outlined, showing how “points of problematisation” have been construed in terms of prohibition. In conclusion, the article shows how problematisation highlights changes in contemporary notions of origin and the types of subjects it produces.