Chemsex and Barebacking: An Autoethnography of Sexual Panic on an Off-Road Motorbike

Autors/ores

Resum

I examine autoethnographically the intersections of chemsex, barebacking, and sexual panic, critically challenging the dominant discourses surrounding these areas of study. Drawing from my personal experiences, the study employs the metaphor of off-road motorbiking to interrogate the complexities of risk, pleasure, and the body. My analysis highlights the paradoxical ways in which society valorises risk in extreme sports while pathologising risk-taking in sexual encounters, particularly among men who have sex with other men in chemsex. I critique the moral panic that marks certain bodies as deviant and subject to social regulation. I argue that barebacking in chemsex, often reduced to public health concerns, should instead be understood within a broader socio-cultural context where pleasure, the body, and risk are negotiated. I complexify binary notions of safety and danger linked to sexual panic, urging a nuanced understanding of chemsex and barebacking that recognises their relational aspects.

Paraules clau

Chemsex, Barebacking, Sexuality, Ethnography, Risk management

Referències

Adams, Tony; Holman Jones, Stacy & Ellis, Carrolyn. (2015). Autoethnography: Understanding Qualitative Research. Oxford University Press.

Anderson, Leon. (2006). Analytic autoethnography. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 35(4), 373–395. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891241605280449 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0891241605280449

Ávila, Rubén & Gras, Pedro. (2014). “No sin él”: Análisis crítico del discurso de las campañas de prevención del VIH dirigidas a hombres que tienen sexo con hombres en España (2006–2011). Discurso & Sociedad, 8(2), 137–181.

Berg, Rigmor. (2009). Barebacking: A review of the literature. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 38(5), 754–764. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-008-9462-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-008-9462-6

Davids, Eugene; Zembe, Yanga; de Vries, Petrus; Mathews, Catherine & Swartz Alison. (2021). Exploring condom use decision-making among adolescents: The synergistic role of affective and rational processes. BMC Public Health, 21, 1894. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11926-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11926-y

Davis, Mark. (2002). HIV prevention rationalities and serostatus in the risk narratives of gay men. Sexualities, 5(3), 281–299. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460702005003002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460702005003002

De Luiz, George & Spink, Mary. (2013). The management of risk in the AIDS scenario: Strategies adopted by men who have sex with men in casual partnerships. Athenea Digital, 13(3), 39–56. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/athenead/v13n3.950 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/athenead/v13n3.950

Dean, Tim. (2009). Unlimited intimacy: Reflections on the subculture of barebacking. University of Chicago Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226139401.001.0001

El chemsex: El posible origen de la viruela del mono. (2022, May 24). Marca. https://www.marca.com/tiramillas/actualidad/2022/05/24/628c6a09268e3eb6538b45d3.html

Ellis, Carolyn; Adams, Tony & Bochner, Arthur. (2011). Autoethnography: An overview. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 12(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-12.1.1589

Ellis, Carolyn & Bochner, Arthur. (2006). Analyzing analytic autoethnography: An autopsy. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 35(4), 429–449. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891241606286979 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0891241606286979

Fernández-Dávila, Percy; CEEISCAT & Stop Sida. (2016). Sesión de sexo, morbo y vicio: Una aproximación holística para entender la aparición del fenómeno chemsex entre hombres gais, bisexuales y otros hombres que tienen sexo con hombres en España. Revista Multidisciplinar del Sida, 4(7), 41–65.

Ferrari, Laura. (2016). Marcadores de modalidad epistémica y evidencial en el análisis de las conclusiones de artículos de investigación de disciplinas distintas. Aled, 9(2), 5–23. https://doi.org/10.35956/v.9.n2.2009.p.5-23 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35956/v.9.n2.2009.p.5-23

Golub, Sarit A. (2018). PrEP stigma: Implicit and explicit drivers of disparity. Current HIV/AIDS Reports, 15(2), 190–197. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-018-0385-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-018-0385-0

Irvine, Janice. (2008). Transient feelings: Sex panics and the politics of emotions. GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies, 14(1), 1–40. https://doi.org/10.1215/10642684-2007-021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/10642684-2007-021

Javaid, Aliraza. (2018). The interconnectedness of chemsex, drugs, sexual promiscuity and sexual violence. Irish Journal of Sociology, 26(2), 183–207. https://doi.org/10.1177/0791603518773703 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0791603518773703

Kagan, Dion. (2015). “Re-crisis”: Barebacking, sex panic and the logic of epidemic. Sexualities, 18(7), 817–837. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460714557663 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460714557663

Kristeva, Julia. (1982). Powers of horror: An essay on abjection (Leon Roudiez, Trans.). Columbia University Press.

Laurendeau, Jason. (2008). Gendered risk regimes: A theoretical consideration of edgework and gender. Sociology of Sport Journal, 25(3), 293–309. https://doi.org/10.1123/ssj.25.3.293 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/ssj.25.3.293

Laurendeau, Jason. (2011). “If you’re reading this, it’s because I’ve died”: Masculinity and relational risk in BASE jumping. Sociology of Sport Journal, 28(4), 404–420. https://doi.org/10.1123/ssj.28.4.404 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/ssj.28.4.404

Lima, Mónica; Gómez Vargas, Maricelly; Iñiguez Rueda, Lupicinio; Fernández, Emmanuelle; Vasconcelos da Silva, Luís & Mascort Roca, Juan. (2023). Prácticas afectivo-sexuales, profilaxis previa a la exposición al virus de la inmuno deficiencia adquirida y riesgos asociados. Revista Gerencia y Políticas de Salud, 22. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javariana.rgps22.pasp DOI: https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.rgps22.pasp

Llamas, Ricardo. (1998). La reconstrucción del cuerpo homosexual en tiempos de SIDA. In Ricardo Llamas (Ed.), Construyendo sidentidades: Estudios desde el corazón de una pandemia (pp. 153–185). Siglo XXI.

Lyng, Stephen. (2005). Edgework: The sociology of risk taking. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203005293

Lyng, Stephen. (2008). Risk-taking in sport: Edgework and the reflexive community. In Michael Atkinson (Ed.), Tribal play: Subcultural journeys through sport (pp. 83–109). Emerald. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1476-2854(07)00203-8

McCall, Hannah; Adams, Nomi; Mason, David & Willis, Jamie. (2015). What is chemsex and why does it matter? BMJ, 351, h5790. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h5790 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h5790

Milhet, Mitena; Shah, Jalpa; Madesclaire, Tim & Gaissad, Laurent. (2019). Chemsex experiences: Narratives of pleasure. Drugs and Alcohol Today, 19(1), 11–22. https://doi.org/10.1108/DAT-09-2018-0043 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/DAT-09-2018-0043

Møller, Kristian & Hakim, Jamie. (2023). Critical chemsex studies: Interrogating cultures of sexualized drug use beyond the risk paradigm. Sexualities, 26(5–6), 547–555. https://doi.org/10.1177/13634607211026223 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/13634607211026223

Moore, David. (2008). Erasing pleasure from public discourse on illicit drugs: On the creation and reproduction of an absence. International Journal of Drug Policy, 19(5), 353–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2007.07.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2007.07.004

Qué es el chemsex: La práctica en cuyo origen estaría el brote de viruela del mono. (2022, April 23). Sport. https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/fuera-de-juego/chemsex-practica-cuyo-origen-estaria-13695166

Race, Kane. (2007). Engaging in a culture of barebacking: Gay men and the risk of HIV prevention. In Kelly Hannah-Moffat & Pat O’Malley (Eds.), Gendered risks (pp. 99–126). Routledge-Cavendish.

Robinson, Victoria. (2008). Everyday masculinities and extreme sport: Male identity and rock climbing. Berg.

Rosas Cancio-Suárez, Marta; Ron, Raquel; Díaz-Álvarez, Jorge; Martínez-Sanz, Javier; Serrano-Villar, Sergio; Moreno, Santiago & Sánchez-Conde, Matilde. (2023). Prevalence, characteristics, and associated risk factors of drug consumption and chemsex use among individuals attending an STI clinic (EpITs STUDY). Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1285057. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1285057 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1285057

Rose, Nikolas. (2007). The politics of life itself: Biomedicine, power, and subjectivity in the twenty-first century. Princeton University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400827503

Sáez, Javier. (2017). Bareback. In Lucas R. Platero, Maria Rosón & Esther Ortega (Eds.), Barbarismos queer y otras esdrújulas (pp. 34–38). Edicions Bellaterra.

Santoro, Pablo. (2019). Encarnar el virus: Exclusión, normalización y medicalización en las políticas de salud pública entorno al VIH/Sida. In Silvia López & Lucas R. Platero (Eds.), Cuerpos marcados: Vidas que cuentan y políticas públicas (pp. 87–108). Edicions Bellaterra.

Spink, Mary. (2019). Suor, arranhões e diamantes: As contradições dos riscos na modernidade reflexiva. Athenea Digital, 19(1), e2501. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/athenea.2501 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/athenea.2501

Spink, Mary Jane; Menegon, Vega; de Souza Bernardes, Jefferson & Lapa Coêlho, Angela. (2007). Language of risk in psychology: A social constructionist analysis of a psychological database. Interamerican Journal of Psychology, 41(2), 151–160.

Thorpe, Holly & Wheaton, Belinda. (2013). Dissection action sports studies: Past, present, and beyond. In David Andrews & Ben Carrington (Eds.), A companion to sport (pp. 341–358). Blackwell Publishing Ltd. http://doi.org/10.1002/978111832526 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118325261.ch20

Tomkins, Andrew; George, Ryan & Kliner, Merav. (2019). Sexualised drug taking among men who have sex with men: A systematic review. Perspectives in Public Health, 139(1), 23–33. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913918778872 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913918778872

Vance, Caroline. (1985). Pleasure and danger: Toward a politics of sexuality. In Caroline Vance (Ed.), Pleasure and danger: Exploring female sexuality (pp. 1–28). Routledge & Paul.

Weeks, Jeffrey. (2011). The languages of sexuality. Routledge. https://archive.org/details/languagesofsexua0000week/page/n9/mode/2up

World Health Organization. (2018). Guidelines on biobehavioural surveys in populations at risk of HIV. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/978-92-4-151301-2

World Health Organization. (2022). Mpox (monkeypox). https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/monkeypox

Biografia de l'autor/a

Jorge Humberto Lucero Díaz, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Jorge Humberto Lucero Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, doctorando en el programa Persona y Sociedad en el Mundo Contemporáneo. Psicólogo y Químico Farmacéutico, Universidad de Chile. MA Postcolonial Culture and Global Policy, Goldsmiths, University of London.

Publicades

17-02-2025

Com citar

Lucero Díaz, J. H. (2025). Chemsex and Barebacking: An Autoethnography of Sexual Panic on an Off-Road Motorbike. Athenea Digital. Revista De Pensamiento E investigación Social, 25(1), e3752. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/athenea.3752

Descàrregues

Funding data